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Biomarker detection has attracted increasing interest in recent years due to the minimally or non-invasive sampling process. Single entity analysis of biomarkers is expected to provide real-time and accurate biological information for early disease diagnosis and prognosis, which is critical to the effective disease treatment and is also important in personalized medicine. As an innovative single entity analysis method, nanopore sensing is a pioneering single-molecule detection technique that is widely used in analytical bioanalytical fields. In this review, we overview the recent progress of nanopore biomarker detection as new approaches to disease diagnosis. In highlighted studies, nanopore was focusing on detecting biomarkers of different categories of communicable and noncommunicable diseases, such as pandemic COVID-19, AIDS, cancers, neurologic diseases, etc. Various sensitive and selective nanopore detecting strategies for different types of biomarkers are summarized. In addition, the challenges, opportunities, and direction for future development of nanopore-based biomarker sensors are also discussed.Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V.
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Individuals' perceptions, attitudes, and patterns of getting along with family members are important factors influencing Chinese people's self-evaluation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of family cohesion on depression and the role of perceived social support and intentional self-regulation in this association. A hypothe-sized model of the association of family cohesion, perceived social support, intentional self-regulation, and depression was examined. A convenience sampling method was used to survey 1,180 college students in Yunnan Province using self-report. Data were collected using the Family Cohesion Scale, the Perceived Social Support Scale, the Intentional Self-Regulation Scale, and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. The findings revealed low to moderate correlation between the variables studied. College students' family cohesion was a negative predictor of their depression. This association was also mediated by the knock-on effect of perceived social support and intentional self-regulation. These findings show how family cohesion affects college stu-dents' depressive status. Specifically, these results help demonstrate the importance of family cohesion, perceived social support, and intentional self-regulation in optimizing students' depression, which in turn can promote bet-ter psychological states. © 2023, Tech Science Press. All rights reserved.
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For the rapid development of the cruise industry, the cruise disaster relief supply chain has attracted extensive attention, especially because COVID-19 cases on international cruise ships occurred. In this paper, we propose an idea of coordination layout for cruise ship emergency supplies, the problem optimized two objective functions of maximizing coverage satisfaction and minimizing the total cost, addressing the low efficiency of resource utilization at the same. By applying to cruise ship emergency supplies layout of Northeast Asia cruise port group system, using expert scoring method and AHP to evaluate cruise port security vulnerability. The NSGA-II algorithm is used to solve the multi-objective programming model. A numerical example shows that the optimization design model and method are valid and feasible, and the algorithm is efficient for solving the above collaborative location and allocation problem of sectional reserves, which can also offer a variety of decision-making options. © 2023 the Author(s), licensee AIMS Press
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Since the outbreak of COVID-19 worldwide, the world's political and economic environment has been accelerated and the strategic competition and confrontation between China and the West have intensified. The populism, nationalism and local protectionism brought by COVID-19 are rising day by day, which further magnify and accelerate the adjustment of the international political pattern. The "going global" environment facing China is becoming more and more severe and complex. In addition to the stricter review threshold and multi-party containment constraints, overseas project development also faces travel restrictions and isolation measures brought by the epidemic, which also makes it difficult to effectively carry out preliminary work such as project business contact and investment bidding. At the same time, the global emission peak and carbon neutrality boom has led to a decline in coal demand to a certain extent. One belt, one road, and key areas for China's coal based energy industry, and a combination of energy planning policies of some countries and regions, should be applied to promote the development of coal based projects in a timely and orderly manner. © 2022 by Aussino Academic Publishing House.
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Asian dust can be transported at least one full circuit around the globe. During the transportation, dust can interact with local air-borne dust and pollutants, and has a profound impact on the environment. A novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has been affecting human activities worldwide since early 2020. The Chinese government has implemented emergency control measures. Since April 2020, control measures to reduce anthropogenic emissions have been gradually reduced. The optical properties of aerosols during the dust transport were affected by meteorological conditions, local environmental conditions and human activities. Therefore, two dust weather processes in March 2018 and March 2020 were screened under similar meteorological fields and transportation paths, which were mainly affected by human activities. Based on lidar data, in East China, compared with 2018, the average aerosol optical depth (AOD) of all types of aerosols at 0-4 km in 2020 decreased by 55.48%, while the AOD of dust aerosols decreased by 43.59%. The average particle depolarization ratio and color ratio decreased by 40.33 and 10.56% respectively. Due to the reduction of anthropogenic emissions in China (detected by lidar), the concentration of surface PM2.5 decreased by 57.47%. This indicated that due to the decrease in human activities caused by COVID-19 control measures, the optical properties of aerosols were significantly reduced during dust weather process in eastern China. However, in the Pacific region, compared with 2018, the AOD values of 0-1 km layer and 1-6 km layer in 2020 increased by 56.4% and decreased by 29.2% respectively. The difference between the two contributions of dust aerosols was very small. Meanwhile, compared with 2018, China's near surface pollutants decreased significantly in 2020, indicating that the near surface AOD of the Pacific in 2020 was mainly contributed by local pollutants. This study was of great significance to the study of long-range and cross regional transport of pollutants.
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Objective To summarize the clinical characteristics of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infected with Delta variant, so as to provide further references for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods A real-world study was conducted to analyze the characteristics of 166 COVID-19 patients infected with Delta variant at Guangzhou Eighth People’s Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University. Results The study enrolled 5 asymptomatic cases, 123 non-severe cases (mild and moderate type), and 38 severe cases (severe and critical type). Among these patients, 69 (41.6%) were male and 97 (58.4%) were female, with a mean age of 47.0±23.5 years. Thirty-nine cases (23.5%) had received 1 or 2 doses of inactivated vaccine. The incidence of severe COVID-19 cases was 7.7% in 2-doses vaccinated patients, which was lower than that of 11.5% in 1-dose and 26.8% in unvaccinated patients. The proportion of severe cases in 2 dose-vaccinated patients was 7.7%, which was lower than that of 11.5% in 1-dose vaccinated patients and 26.8% in unvaccinated patients, but the difference was not significant (P>0.05). The most common clinical symptom was fever (134 cases, 83.2%), and 39.1% of cases presented with high-grade fever (≥ 39 °C);other symptoms were cough, sputum, fatigue, and xerostomia. The proportion of fever in severe cases was significantly higher than that of non-severe cases (97.4% vs. 76.4%, P<0.01). Similarly, the proportion of severe cases with high peak temperature (≥ 39 ℃) () was also higher than that of non-severe cases (65.8% vs. 30.9%, P<0.01). The median minimal Cycle threshold (Ct) values of viral nucleic acid N gene and ORFlab gene were 20.3 and 21.5, respectively, and the minimum Ct values were 11.9 and 13.5, respectively. Within 48 h of admission, 9.0% of cases presented with decreased white blood cell counts, and 52.4% with decreased lymphocyte counts. The proportions of increased C-reactive protein, serum amyloid A, interleukin 6, and interleukin 10 were 32.5%, 57.4%, 65.3%, and 35.7%, respectively. The proportions of elevated C-reactive protein, serum amyloid A and interleukin-6 in severe cases were significantly higher than those in non-severe cases (P<0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that older age and higher peak temperature were associated with a higher likelihood of severe cases (OR>3, 95% CI: 2-7, P<0.01). In terms of treatment, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) was used in 97.6% of non-severe cases and 100% in severe cases. Other treatments included respiratory and nutritional support, immunotherapy (such as neutralizing antibodies and plasma of recovered patients). The median times from admission to progression to severe cases, of fever clearance, and of nucleic acid conversion were 5 days, 6 days and 19 days, respectively. No deaths were reported within 28 days. Conclusions The symptoms of Delta variant infection in Guangzhou are characterized by a high proportion of fever, high peak temperature, long duration of fever, high viral load, a long time to nucleic acid conversion, and a high incidence of severe cases. The severe cases exhibit a higher percentage of elderly patients, a longer duration of fever and have a higher fever rate and a higher hyperthermia rate than non-severe cases. Age and hyperthermia are independent risk factors for progression to severe disease. The combination of TCM and Western medicine can control the progression of the disease effectively. © 2021 Chinese Medical Association. All rights reserved.
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OBJECTIVE: To explore the impact of timely inclusion of medical insurance on the use of high-quality domestic innovative drugs, using the domestic innovative drug, icotinib, as an example. METHODS Province X and province Z with large difference on the timing to include icotinib in medical insurance were selected as sample provinces to compare and analyze the price, volume and expenditure changes of three targeted drugs (gefitinib, erlotinib and icotinib) for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), using the sample hospital procurement data covering two provinces from 2013 to 2018 in the China Medical Economic Information Network (CMEI) database. RESULTS In two sample provinces, icotinib's daily cost had been the lowest among three sample drug's for a long time. Province Z has included icotinib in the basic health insurance since 2013. After that, the market shares of icotinib's volume and expenditure had increased rapidly from 0, and remained at about 85% for a long period of time, occupying the dominant position in province Z's market. However, province X has not included icotinib until 2016. The highest market share of icotinib's volume was only 8% in province X's market. There was little difference of sample drugs' daily cost between two provinces. After the national health insurance negotiation, the daily cost of sample drugs decreased significantly, with an overall decrease between 60% to 79%. By the second half of 2018, the daily cost of sample drugs was almost the same. CONCLUSION Timely inclusion of high-quality domestic innovative drugs in the scope of medical insurance reimbursement can greatly promote the use of high-quality domestic innovative drugs. Compared with foreign drugs with same indications, high-quality domestic innovative drugs can save money for patients, which will greatly benefit them.
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In recent years, "Internet + "medical treatment has gradually become an important form of medical care in China. Especially affected by the COVID-19, China′s maternal and child health care institutions have closely integrated "Internet + " technology with maternal health care to meet maternal health needs and reduce maternal risk. Based on a comprehensive analysis of Chinese literature on "Internet + " maternal health care in CNKI, Wanfang database, VIP, CBM in recent five years, this paper introduces the main forms, contents and effects of " Internet + " maternal health care in China, and points out the direction of clinical practice and scientific research in the future, which can be used for reference by the general colleagues. © 2021 Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing. All rights reserved.
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INTRODUCTION: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic. Early diagnosis is crucial for prognosis of patients, and lung ultrasound (LUS) may be a promising technique that can be performed at the bedside.We aimed to describe the LUS characteristics and explore its predicting value in assessing the severity and prognosis of COVID-19 patients. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective, observational study on patients confirmed with COVID-19 in Wuhan Hankou hospital. The patients who underwent LUS examination within 24 hours after being admitted to isolation wards were enrolled. The clinical and LUS data were collected and analyzed. Patients were divided into three groups (moderate, severe, and critical group). LUS characteristics and its scores were compared in different group of patients and between survivors and non-survivors. RESULTS: 42 patients were included, of whom 37 (88.1%) were discharged and 5 (11.9%) died in hospital. With the aggravation of lung injury, LUS showed a significantly reduced A-lines and increased coalescent B-lines or consolidation. The survivors had 60% of normal aeration with presence of lung sliding with A-lines (survivors 44.3% vs non-survivors 4.0%, P=0.000) or less than three isolated B-lines (survivors 16.2% vs non-survivors 2.0%, P=0.000), while non-survivors lost 90% of lung aeration resulting from coalescent B lines (non-survivors 84.0% vs survivors 18.1%, P=0.000) or lung consolidation (non-survivors 6.0% vs survivors 2.7%, P=0.193). The global LUS scores were significantly higher in non-survivors than survivors (19.00±3.54 vs 6.32±4.96, P=0.000), and in critical ill patients comparing with moderate and severe ill patients (18.5±3.39 vs 8.82±3.89 vs 1.71±1.77, P=0.000). The LUS scores cutoff of 4.5 and 15.0 could identify diffdifferent type of patients with excellent sensitivity, specificity and area under the curve (AUC). In addition, LUS scores more than 17.5 points could predict mortality of COVID-19 patients with AUC 0.975 (95%CI 0.922-1.028), sensitivity 80% and specificity 100%. CONCLUSIONS: LUS has a great value for rapid assessment of the severity of lung injury for COVID-19 patients at presentation in the early stage. The semiquantitative analysis based on LUS has high diagnostic ability to reflect clinical classification and predict prognosis.
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Objective: To investigate the correlation between concomitant diabetes mellitus and clinical features in patients with COVID-19. Methods: Fifty patients with COVID-19 admitted to the Sixth People's Hospital of Shenyang were divided into 2 groups with and without diabetes mellitus. Indexes such as hospitalization days, duration of positive virus-PCR result, secondary infection, duration of fever, rate of liver dysfunction, and rate of cardiac injury were compared between 2 groups. Results: The average hospitalization durations of diabetes group and control group were(24.0±6.8) and(18.4±5.9) days, respectively, and the duration of positive virus-PCR testing results were(16.0±4.5) and(12.3±4.4) days respectively, suggesting longer hospital stay and longer time for virus clearance in the diabetes group than those in the control group(both P<0.05). The rates of secondary infection, severe subtype, liver dysfunction and cardiac injury in the diabetes group increased, though without significant difference(P>0.05). Conclusion: Prolonged duration of positive virus-PCR result and average days of hospitalization in patients with COVID-19 may be associated with diabetes mellitus. Copyright © 2020 by the Chinese Medical Association.